PMID- 9436789
OWN - NLM
STAT- MEDLINE
DCOM- 19980226
LR  - 20220309
IS  - 0894-1491 (Print)
IS  - 0894-1491 (Linking)
VI  - 22
IP  - 1
DP  - 1998 Jan
TI  - Mature microglia resemble immature antigen-presenting cells.
PG  - 72-85
AB  - Owing to the difficulties of isolating adequate numbers of microglia from adult 
      tissue, much of our understanding of their function is based on characterizations 
      of microglia that develop in mixed glial cultures. To learn more about the nature 
      of these cells in vivo, we have compared the phenotypes of murine microglia 
      isolated from adults, neonates, and from mixed glial cultures with spleen cells 
      from fetuses, neonates, and adults. In the adult CNS, the only resident 
      population of cells that express CD45, a protein tyrosine phosphatase, are the 
      F4/80+ and FcR+ cells: the microglia. In contrast to all other differentiated 
      cells of hemopoietic origin, microglial CD45 levels fail to increase from the 
      neonatal period through adulthood. Rather, their levels are indistinguishable 
      from the low levels found on a small population of embryonic day 16 liver cells. 
      Conversely, we find that the F4/80 values of microglia are elevated as compared 
      to splenic macrophages. Strikingly, microglia that develop in mixed glial 
      cultures display a more activated phenotype, with low F4/80 values, weak MHC 
      class II expression, and the appearance of a subset of cells positive for the 
      dendritic cell marker, NLDC145. Additionally, CD45 values are elevated to a level 
      intermediate between that of adult microglia and adult spleen, a level similar to 
      that found on microglia activated in vivo. Consistent with this activated 
      phenotype, indomethacin revealed the ability of mixed glial culture microglia to 
      present a peptide antigen to naive T-cells expressing a defined T-cell receptor. 
      Although adult microglia did express costimulatory molecules, B7.2, ICAM-1, and 
      CD40, and could be induced to express MHC class II, they failed to present 
      antigen in the same assay. Interestingly, these same cells could stimulate T-cell 
      proliferation in a mixed lymphocyte reaction but not in an allogeneic specific 
      manner. Taken together these data suggest that adult microglia remain in a 
      relatively immature and unactivated state of differentiation as compared to other 
      tissue macrophages.
FAU - Carson, M J
AU  - Carson MJ
AD  - Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, 
      California 92037, USA.
FAU - Reilly, C R
AU  - Reilly CR
FAU - Sutcliffe, J G
AU  - Sutcliffe JG
FAU - Lo, D
AU  - Lo D
LA  - eng
GR  - AI31583/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - AI38375/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/United States
GR  - MH47680/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/United States
PT  - Journal Article
PT  - Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
PT  - Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
PL  - United States
TA  - Glia
JT  - Glia
JID - 8806785
RN  - 0 (Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal)
RN  - EC 3.1.3.48 (Leukocyte Common Antigens)
RN  - XXE1CET956 (Indomethacin)
SB  - IM
MH  - Animals
MH  - Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/pharmacology
MH  - Antigen-Presenting Cells/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Bone Marrow Cells/physiology
MH  - Brain/cytology
MH  - Cells, Cultured
MH  - Flow Cytometry
MH  - Indomethacin/pharmacology
MH  - Leukocyte Common Antigens/metabolism
MH  - Lymphocytes/metabolism
MH  - Macrophages, Alveolar/metabolism
MH  - Mice
MH  - Mice, Inbred C57BL
MH  - Microglia/drug effects/*immunology
MH  - Phenotype
MH  - Spleen/cytology
EDAT- 1998/01/22 18:05
MHDA- 2000/06/20 09:00
CRDT- 1998/01/22 18:05
PHST- 1998/01/22 18:05 [pubmed]
PHST- 2000/06/20 09:00 [medline]
PHST- 1998/01/22 18:05 [entrez]
AID - 10.1002/(SICI)1098-1136(199801)22:1<72::AID-GLIA7>3.0.CO;2-A [pii]
AID - 10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<72::aid-glia7>3.0.co;2-a [doi]
PST - ppublish
SO  - Glia. 1998 Jan;22(1):72-85. doi: 
      10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199801)22:1<72::aid-glia7>3.0.co;2-a.